Learn all 44 consonants in the Thai alphabet with pronunciation, classification, and examples
Thai consonants are divided into three classes: Mid, Low, and High. The class of the initial consonant affects the tone of the syllable. Understanding these classes is crucial for correct pronunciation.
These consonants produce a mid tone when unaspirated and a low tone when aspirated.
These consonants produce a low tone when unaspirated and a falling tone when aspirated.
These consonants produce a high tone when unaspirated and a rising tone when aspirated.
| Consonant | Thai Script | RTGS Romanization | Initial Sound | Final Sound | Class |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ก | ก | k | k | k | Mid |
| ข | ข | kh | kh | k | High |
| ฃ | ฃ | kh | kh | k | High |
| ค | ค | kh | kh | k | Low |
| ฅ | ฅ | kh | kh | k | Low |
| ฆ | ฆ | kh | kh | k | Low |
| ง | ง | ng | ng | ng | Low |
| จ | จ | ch | ch | t | Mid |
| ฉ | ฉ | ch | ch | t | High |
| ช | ช | ch | ch | t | Low |
| ซ | ซ | s | s | t | Low |
| ฌ | ฌ | ch | ch | t | Low |
| ญ | ญ | y | y | n | Low |
| ฎ | ฎ | d | d | t | Mid |
| ฏ | ฏ | t | t | t | Mid |
| ฐ | ฐ | th | th | t | High |
| ฑ | ฑ | th | th | t | Low |
| ฒ | ฒ | th | th | t | Low |
| ณ | ณ | n | n | n | Low |
| ด | ด | d | d | t | Mid |
| ต | ต | t | t | t | Mid |
| ถ | ถ | th | th | t | High |
| ท | ท | th | th | t | Low |
| ธ | ธ | th | th | t | Low |
| น | น | n | n | n | Low |
| บ | บ | b | b | p | Mid |
| ป | ป | p | p | p | Mid |
| ผ | ผ | ph | ph | p | High |
| ฝ | ฝ | f | f | p | High |
| พ | พ | ph | ph | p | Low |
| ฟ | ฟ | f | f | p | Low |
| ภ | ภ | ph | ph | p | Low |
| ม | ม | m | m | m | Low |
| ย | ย | y | y | y | Low |
| ร | ร | r | r | n | Low |
| ฤ | ฤ | rue | r | n | Low |
| ล | ล | l | l | n | Low |
| ฦ | ฦ | lue | l | n | Low |
| ว | ว | w | w | w | Low |
| ศ | ศ | s | s | t | High |
| ษ | ษ | s | s | t | High |
| ส | ส | s | s | t | High |
| ห | ห | h | h | - | High |
| ฬ | ฬ | l | l | n | Low |
| อ | อ | - | - | - | Mid |
| ฮ | ฮ | h | h | - | Low |